Дидактический материал по английскому языку по теме “Shjrtenings and Abbreviations”
WORD BUILDING: SHORTENINGS (CONTRACTED WORDS)
I. Some words lose their beginnings or their ends and new words appear:
a) Losing beginnings, b) Losing endings, c) Losing beginnings and endings
II. A new word is formed from the initial letters of a word group. These are called abbreviations.
Both types of shortenings are characteristic of informal speech though abbreviations are found among formal words, too.
Task 1 Give the full forms of the contracted words
DoD n.
DNS n.
COBOL n.
CLI n.
bdg
B.E.
av. l.
rh
ntp
L
EBB
asf
cy.
Capt.
oc
rly
ans
arr
adt, advt
Task 2 Divide the words according to the type of shortening
I.
a) Losing beginnings:
b) Losing endings:
c) Losing beginnings and endings:
II. Abbreviations:
WORD BUILDING: SHORTENINGS (CONTRACTED WORDS)
KEYS
I. Some words lose their beginnings or their ends and new words appear.
a) Losing beginnings
cy. = currency – валюта
b)Losing endings
Capt. = Captain – капитан
oc = ocean – океан
ans = answer – ответ
c) Losing beginnings and endings
arr = arrival – прибытие
adt, advt = advertisement – объявление, реклама
rly = railway- железная дорога
II. A new word is formed from the initial letters of a word group. These are called abbreviations.
Both types of shortenings are characteristic of informal speech though abbreviations are found among formal words, too.
DoD n. = Department of Defense – министерство обороны США
DNS n. = Domain Name System – система доменных имён (компьютерная распределённая система для получения информации о доменах).
COBOL n. = Common Business–Oriented Language - язык COBOL букв. «общий бизнес-ориентированный язык»
CLI n. = Common Language Infrastructure – технология CLI букв. «инфраструктура общего языка»
bdg = building – здание, строение
B.E. = Bank of England - Английский банк
av. l. = average length - средняя длина
rh = right hand – правая рука
npt = normal temperature and pressure - нормальная температура и давление
L = learner - ученик (за рулём)
EBB = extra best best- самого высшего качества
asf = and so forth – и так далее